Male Breast Reduction Shown to Improve Life Quality
Enlargement of the male breast, called gynecomastia, can be a source of embarrassment and distress for teens and young men. Male Breast Reduction surgery to correct gynecomastia brings significant improvement in self-esteem and almost every aspect of quality of life, reports a study in the June issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the official medical journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS).
Complications don’t limit benefits of male breast reduction
The study analyzed postoperative outcomes of 145 male patients, ages 12 to 21 years, undergoing surgery to correct gynecomastia. All of the young men had persistent gynecomastia that did not improve with weight loss and medical therapy. Most were overweight or obese and had more severe (grade III or IV) gynecomastia.
Surgical repair was performed in a total of 270 breasts; some patients required correction in only one breast. The researchers analyzed the effects of Male Breast Reduction on quality of life, including the possible impact of postoperative complications.
Early complications occurred in about 10% of breasts. This included a 7.8% rate of hematomas (blood collections), most of which were minor; and a 2.2% rate of minor infections, which were managed with oral antibiotics. Other complications were uncommon, and no serious complications occurred. Patients whose surgery included skin removal were 2.5 times more likely to have early complications.
Later follow-up (median 8.6 months) was available in 129 patients. At this time, at least one complication had occurred in 34.3% of breasts. Complications included residual tissue in 12.6% of breasts and contour irregularities in 9.2%. Other complications (such as inverted nipples and scarring problems) were relatively rare.
More in-depth follow-up was conducted for 51 patients, including preoperative and postoperative questionnaires, a median of 33.3 months after male breast reduction. The results showed significant improvement on a questionnaire measuring self-esteem: about 3 points higher on a scale of 10 to 40.
Patients also showed significant improvement in 7 out of 8 quality of life domains, including physical, social and emotional functioning, and mental health. A screening test for disordered eating found no significant changes in attitudes toward food and eating.
Self-esteem and quality of life improvements are similar for patients with or without complications after male breast reduction. The benefits also appear independent of gynecomastia severity, surgical technique or being overweight/obese.
In previous studies, the researchers have found that even mild persistent gynecomastia negatively affects self-esteem and other aspects of mental and emotional health in adolescent males. The new findings add to the evidence showing the mental and physical health benefits of surgery to correct gynecomastia, even when postoperative complications occur.
“These data also suggest that adolescents, while still maturing, are appropriately equipped to handle the complications associated with gynecomastia repair,” the study concluded. “While additional studies are needed, current evidence suggests that the potential for complications should not limit treatment recommendations in younger patients with gynecomastia.”
Source: American Society of Plastic Surgeons
